OALJ Law Library, Dictionary of Occupational Titles, Glossary

The Glossary contains technical or special uses of words, which are not ordinarily found in a standard desk dictionary. These words are italicized when they appear in an occupational definition.

ABSORPTION TOWER

Tank used to form acidic bisulfate-active agent in digesting wood, from ingredients such as sulfur dioxide, lime, manganese, and ammonia.

AGATE BEARING

A bearing made of agate used in small scales or precision balances where resistance to corrosion is essential.

AIRGAP

The gap between the rotor and stator of an electric machine.

AIR LANCE

A long metal rod that carries compressed air to its tip. It is used for cleaning purposes.

ALODIZE

A process for bathing metal in hot alodine solution to give it protective coating and surface for painting.

BACK-ROLL LATHE

A veneer lathe equipped with knives mounted on impression roller that rotates counter to rotation of log. The knives score log lengthwise causing veneer to be peeled from log in narrow stave and hoop widths.

BACK SHEET

A veneer sheet, usually of slightly inferior quality than FACE SHEET, used for the bottom surface sheet of plywood panels.

BALANCE

To adjust pressure, velocity, or volume control settings in a heating, cooling, or ventilating system to attain performance indicated in system design specifications.

BALL WARP

An untwisted rope of yarn wound on core, usually for dyeing or mercerizing.

BAND

Two plies of rubberized fabric pressed together with ends joined to form endless strip used in building pneumatic tires.

BAT

A fluffy layer which is composed of interlaced and matted strands of fibrous material used for filling or insulating articles such as mattresses or comforters.

BEAT

See IN-BEAT.

BEATING MACHINE

A machine equipped with leather strips which, when revolving, beat loose hair, dust, and foreign matter from fur pelts.

BELL REAMER

An expanding bit used to enlarge bottom of holes drilled to accommodate concrete pier footings. The conical shape of resulting hole anchors footing and serves as base for pier construction.

BENCH GRINDER

A small grinding machine for shaping and sharpening cutting edges of tools. It consists of a motor, mounted on bench or floor stand, with grinding wheel at one or both ends of shaft.

BILGE OF STAVE

The difference in width between ends and middle of a barrel stave.

BLADDER

Heavy-walled rubber cylinder used in a curing press to expand uncured tires into the recesses of the tire mold.

BLINDSTITCH SEWING MACHINE

A machine equipped with a curved needle to sew stitches that do not penetrate the outer surface of fabric. Used for operations, such as hemming, lapel padding, and lining felling.

BLOCKER

One of a number of leather strips joined together for use as trimming for shoes.

BLOCKING MACHINE

An electric stove equipped with a grill on which blocks, pitch, and lenses are heated. On depressing a lever, hot pitch is forced onto block surface.

BOARD

A sheet of varnished canvas, or a lightweight wooden board, upon which rubber slabs or parts are placed for transportation or storage.

BOARDING I

The process of softening leather and developing the grain by rubbing the surfaces together.

BOARDING II

The operation of shaping and drying hosiery on heated, metal, leg-shaped forms known as hosiery boarding forms or boards.

BOAT

A supporting structure used to hold semiconductor wafers during and between processing.

BOOK

Pieces of uncured gum rubber or rubber-coated fabric placed between cloth pages or canvas sheets to prevent cohesion.

BOX BLANK

The sides, ends, and bottom of a wire-bound box in process of manufacture.

BULKING CELL

A rectangular enclosure with an open top and hinged door used to compress tobacco into a bulk.

BURLING IRON

A handtool similar to an ice pick with a slit in the pick end used to push yarn through fabric.

BURN PATTERN

The path that a fire takes from point of origin to the outermost limit of the fire.

BUS BAR

Metal conductor forming a common junction between two or more electrical circuits.

BUSHING

Heat resistant metal device with 200-400 holes through which molten glass is extruded to manufacture fiberglass sliver.

BUTTON

A steel cylinder used on knitting machine to keep links of pattern chain from engaging and turning gears that activate shafts of machine.

CAKE

Synthetic thread piled into ring shape.

CALIPER CHISEL

A chisel attached to one leg of caliper used to turn wood to specified diameter on wood lathe.

CAPTIONS

On-screen text of a television show's or a movie's dialogue shown simultaneously with the sound of the dialogue. This is usually done to provide information for the hearing-impaired, or to provide a translation from a foreign language. Captions are sometimes called subtitles, especially when providing a translation from a foreign language.

CARD CLOTHING FILLET

A long, narrow strip of foundation material studded with many fine, closely spaced, wire teeth.

CARROTING

The brushing of furs with solution of hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid. This treatment opens sheaths surrounding each fur fiber and permits matting (felting) of fibers in subsequent operations.

CASING FLUID

A flavoring solution applied to tobacco to give it distinctive taste. Usually made according to carefully guarded plant formulas from ingredients, such as tonka beans, rum, licorice, and sugar.

CAUSTICIZER

Tanks used to convert spent liquor and lime hydrate into hydroxide.

CHARGER

A cylinder, open at both ends, which is inserted in top of hogshead container to extend height of hogshead container for packing purposes.

CHARGING MANIFOLD

A hollow pipe fixture containing holes which receive and hold capillary tubes of thermostat bellows while they are being filled with gas.

CHILL-PROOF

To stabilize or eliminate protein compounds in beer to prolong shelf life.

CHOKER

A noose of wire rope hitched about a log by means of which logs are skidded overground.

CLAMP MACHINE

A stationary hand-powered or air-driven vise used to force together and hold joints of wooden assemblies in position while being reinforced by nails, screws, staples, and glue. Also known as case clamp, chair clamp, or bed clamp, depending on design or purpose.

CLARIFIERS

A machine having submerged, rotating arms with plow blades which scrape settled silt from bottom of settling basin spirally toward center of machine where silt is collected in trough and sluiced through pipes back to river. The clarifier does not clarify in the usual sense; silt is settled by gravity.

CLEARER ROLLER

A small cloth- or felt-covered roller driven by frictional contact with rollers to keep rollers clean and collect roving waste when end breaks.

CLINCHING TOOL

A device used to secure upholstery padding material to furniture frames. Wire staples held in tension in shaft of tool are released when trigger is pressed and secure padding material to frames.

COILER HEAD

An attachment on textile machines that coils sliver after it has been processed.

COIL FORM

Paper or plastic tube onto which wire coils are wound. Forms vary in length according to number of coils wound on each form. Multiple wound coil forms are cut on bandsaw into individual coils for assembly into electronic equipment.

COLOR BOX

Metal trough under each PRINTING ROLLER that contains a reservoir of printing paste. A rubber or nylon bristle-covered roller dips color paste from the COLOR BOX and forces the paste into the engravings of the PRINTING ROLLER.

COMB

Precut undipped pasteboard resembling a hair comb, used for book matches.

CONES

A set of small triangular pyramids of clay mixtures and fluxes so graded that they represent series of fusion points. The degree of heat is measured in kiln by observing which of various cones have bent over.

CONTACT PROCESS

Catalytic method of producing sulfuric acid by treatment of sulfur dioxide with catalytic agents and reaction of resulting product with water in absorbing towers.

CORE CUTTER

A modified pneumatic pavement breaker (jack-hammer) adapted to break into wall of cement building.

CORE STOCK

Cheap veneer sheets placed between glued CROSSBANDS to form the interior of plywood panel between the FACE SHEETS and BACK SHEETS.

COUNTERBORING

A machining process in which an enlarged, flat-bottomed cylindrical hole is made at opening of existing hole usually so that bolt head or nut can be seated flush with or below surface.

COVERSTITCH SEWING MACHINE

A machine that sews parallel rows of stitches with a covering thread spread between the rows on one or both surfaces. Used for coverstitching on knit fabrics.

CRACKS

The outer grooves cut in buhr stones.

CRIMPING ATTACHMENT

Two feed rolls and a stuffer box into which yarn is overfed, then folded or bent at a sharp angle and then heat-set during compression by attached heating element.

CROSSBANDS

Cheap veneer sheets glued between CORE STOCK and surface veneer to form plywood, with the grain of the CROSSBANDS running across the grain of the CORE STOCK and surface veneer to bind and hold the veneer sheets from expansion and warping.

CRYSTAL ORIENTATION

The structural arrangement of atoms or molecules inside a semiconductor crystal or wafer.

CUP

Similar to SPREADER PAN in which it sets. Spreads molten lead around spreader pan through holes in side. Receives lead as it comes from spout.

CURING OVEN

A loop or roller-type drier through which resin treated fabrics are run in open width at high temperature to convert soluble resin into insoluble compound.

CUTLINES

Outlines of shapes of glass to be followed for cutting and leading stained-glass windows.

DEBEAKING

Removing the tip on a bird's upper beak to prevent infliction of injuries to other birds.

DECANTER

A rectangular, steel tank in which tar and ammonia are separated by settling according to their differences in specific gravity.

DEVULCANIZER

A machine used in treating ground scrap rubber with chemicals and steam to restore it as nearly possible to its original physical and chemical state for use as RECLAIM rubber.

DIAL

A flat circular plate that rotates and presents parts to machine at prescribed intervals. The worker places parts on designated spots on dial.

DIE

An individual integrated circuit also known as a chip. The term is usually used after the wafer has been scribed and sorted, although it is not limited to that use.

DOBBER

A device with serrated edge which separates strands of yarn and keeps them parallel.

DOBBY LOOM

A loom usually used for weaving goods of a nonfloral pattern in which the interlacings are complicated.

DRAWING-IN DRAFT

In weaving, a plan prepared on design paper showing how warp threads are to be drawn through the heddle to produce desired pattern. A DRAWING-IN DRAFT is prepared for all fancy patterns.

DRAWING-IN FRAME

A rack on which harnesses are hung while warp ends are being drawn through heddle eyes.

DRIFT PIN

A tapered steel pin for aligning rivet holes before inserting the rivet.

DRIP

A tank located below level of gas mains, and connected to main by pipes, for the purpose of collecting condensed water, gas, and tars which must be drained from the main continually to prevent congestion and eventual rupture of the pipe. Capacities of the tanks vary from a few gallons to as much as 500 gallons.

DROP WIRE

In textile machines, thin metal strip with an eye through which single strands of yarn are passed. If the yarn breaks, the wire drops to cut the electric circuit, thus stopping the machine.

DRYING CANS

A machine used in textile mills to dry fabric. Several large heated drums, wide enough to accommodate one or two widths of cloth, are arranged in tiers. Cloth threaded through drums contact a large area of each and are rapidly dried.

DUMPING PIVOT

A simple steel basket open at top and one side to accommodate ice freezing containers. The lower corner opposite open side is hinged to facilitate tipping and removal of ice block.

DWELL METER

An electrical meter used to measure dwell or time interval between closing cycle of distributor points of automobile ignition system. Incorrect spacing of points results in improper dwell.

EDGE ROLL

Rope-like roll of jute core covered with burlap used to build up edges of upholstered furniture before adding padding.

ELECTRICAL-DISCHARGE MACHINING

Removal of metal through action of high-energy electric sparks on surface of workpiece.

END EFFECTOR

Device attached to wrist of industrial robot arm that enables robot to perform tasks.

ESCAPE WHEEL

Wheel of escapement in clock or watch that supplies power from mainspring. It is allowed to 'escape' from pallet at rate governed by balance wheel and thereby controls motion of train.

FACE SHEET

A veneer sheet, of high quality and free from imperfections, used for the top surface sheet of plywood panels.

FACING

A machining operation that is a form of turning in which the tool is fed at right angles to axis of workpiece rotation to produce flat surface.

FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS

Detailed listing of potential failures of critical parts and effects on total system operation.

FALLER

A narrow metal bar set with one or more rows of sharp, pointed pins that comb through sliver to blend and align fibers.

FALLER WIRE

A device on a mule-spinning frame to keep yarn under tension during winding and to guide it onto bobbins.

FALSE SELVAGE

An extra layer of selvage woven on each edge of some looped pile fabrics. This selvage is formed by floats inserted to hold loop pile during weaving. Both FALSE SELVAGE and floats are removed after cloth is doffed from loom.

FALSE-TWIST SPINDLE

A hollow spindle with small wheel mounted in its aperture used in manufacture of stretch yarn. Yarn processed through this spindle is commonly referred to as false-twisted yarn.

FEED CUPS

A feeding mechanism on a sewing machine on which the needle operates horizontally. Two wheels or discs rotate in a horizontal plane to pull the material between them.

FEEDER TUBE

A clay tube clamped in orifice of forehearth to capture and hold gob of molten glass for delivery to bottlemaking machines.

FELLED SEAM

A stress-resistant seam formed by joining overlapped, interfolded garment-part edges with two or three parallel rows of stitching.

FELLING STITCH

A sewing stitch that does not completely penetrate the material in which it is made. Such stitching is used to fasten lining into garments so that the stitches do not show on the outside.

FESTOONS

Two banks of evenly spaced rollers in FOUR-ROLL CALENDER used for accumulating fabric to maintain continuous operations while making roll changes and for taking up slack in fabric prior to calendering.

FILLING PILE FABRIC

Fabric in which an extra set of filling yarns forms pile. Examples are corduroy and velveteen.

FILM FLAT

Group of film negatives or positives mounted on transparent plastic film, colored paper or vinyl which comprise page elements (text and illustrations) of magazine, book, or other printed material, used in preparation of lithographic printing plates.

FILTRACELL

A siliceous material that absorbs impurities and clarifies oil pressed from corn germs.

FINGER BUFF

Strips of buffing cloth used in manufacture of buffing wheels. These strips are attached to core of buffing wheel with LACING and form fingerlike projections.

FIRST-ARTICLE-CONFIGURATION INSPECTION

Detailed physical inspection by customer and company of first part or assembly of given series for conformance with authorization change and engineering drawing.

FLAGGING

Dried strips of a marsh weed, such as cattail.

FLASH

The ridge or line of excess material left on metal or plastic objects along the parting or closing line of mold. Also known as fin.

FLAT

A flat edge ground along a semiconductor crystal to denote crystal orientation and resistivity and which serves as a reference line during processing.

FLATLOCK SEWING MACHINE

A feed-off-the-arm coverstitch machine that sews a flat, nonraveling seam by joining abutted edges with a top-and-bottom covering stitch.

FLOWER NAIL

A long nail with large head that is used as base to create intricate designs with icings.

FOLDING BONE

A thin strip of fish bone used to fold and press leather edges under.

FOLLOW BOARD

See MOLDING BOARD.

FORM BOARD

A specified number of form strips fastened together side by side with long bolts.

FORMING CHUCK

A metal block shaped to contour and attached to machine spindle which serves dual purpose of holding and rotating cylindrical workpieces and as forming die to shape workpiece to contour.

FORM TOOL

A cutting tool ground to specific contour in order to machine the inverse contour in workpiece.

FOTO MAT

Linotype metal matrices with small film of letter in center.

FOUR-ROLL CALENDER

A machine which coats both sides of fabric stock with rubber simultaneously and rolls sheets to specifications. Also known as Z-calender.

FRAZING MACHINE

A machine which guides briar block against cutters to duplicate preselected pipe shape. A clamp-fitted shaft and a cam follows a master model to shape shank and lower half of bowl.

FREENESS

The quality of pulp stock that determines rate at which it parts with water when being formed into sheet on wire screen or perforated plate. The same quality is known as freeness, slowness, or wetness according to type of instrument used to estimate it.

FRENCH BINDING

A narrow strip of fabric that is stitched to edge of shoe uppers and folded over to form smooth finished edge.

FROTHING MACHINE

A mixing machine with electrically operated agitating paddles used for mixing air with latex to obtain desired density.

FULLING MILL

A machine that shrinks and felts fibers of woolen cloth through application of moisture, heat, friction, and pressure. May be used to crush and dust carbonized vegetable matter from dry woolen cloth.

FUNNEL APPROACH

A counseling technique, using open-ended questions in the early stages of counseling, to collect information, orient the individual, married couple, or family, and to establish communication. As problems become identified, questions are less open-ended and more specific to address or clarify aspects of one or more problems.

FUR MACHINE

A disk-feed sewing machine used for seaming heavy materials to make items, such as fur and fake fur garments, plush toys, and leather slippers. Layers of material are guided vertically between the two disks (cups or wheels) and sewn with a horizontal needle.

GAMB STICK

A metal or wooden rod with pointed or hooked ends which are inserted through the tendons on the hind legs of animal carcass to hold the legs apart while animal is dressed. The stick has a rind in the center for attaching to a trolley or an overhead rail.

GANG KNIFE

A set of knives, arranged to be raised and lowered by hand, used to slice fish into several pieces of predetermined length.

GARNETT MACHINE

A machine similar to a carding machine, used to open hard-twisted yarn wastes, rags, and clippings. Cylinders are covered with coarse wire teeth.

GAS CHECK

A metal cup, coated with oil or wax, that expands to form a gastight, moving seal under piston of device used to measure pressure produced within gun barrel by exploding cartridge.

GEAR CAGES

A cluster of gears, bearings, and locking devices usually attached to a shaft.

GEAR GENERATING

A gear-machining operation in which the cutter teeth have (or simulate) the shape of mating gear teeth rather than of the space between the teeth, and the cutting is done as the cutter and gear blank rotate together.

GEL-COAT

Pigmented, high purity polyester coating, catalyzed with liquid oxidizers used to form layer on boat mold prior to application of fiberglass resin layers.

GIRDLING STICK

A tool with one end threaded to hold drop, wooden middle section for handhold, and metal rod on the other end which is held between body and arm to support and control diamond during girdling.

GORE

An elastic insert in side, front, or panels of a shoe used to decorate or reinforce, or to allow stretching that will provide additional comfort and freedom of movement to wearer.

GROUND RACKING BOARD

Wooden boards of various lengths and widths that are placed flat on an oil well floor to form a base for tubing and pipe sections to stand on when sections are standing up-right in the derrick. Boards are used for the base to prevent sections from sinking into the ground and getting plugged with soil or mud or to prevent damage to the threaded ends of pipe and casings.

HANGER

Part of bicycle frame that holds fork assembly.

HARNESS FRAME

Two wooden laths upon which are suspended series of cords or wires called heddles.

HEAD

Part of bicycle frame that holds crank and sprocket assembly.

HEADER

A fabricated chamber to which series of tubes are joined to permit free circulation of fluid within water tube boiler.

HELICAL SPRINGS

Spiral springs used to hold rows of coil springs together in bedsprings.

HIGH LEAD

A cable-log yarding system consisting of a steel or wooden spar near the yarding machine and a circuit of cable running from the top of the spar to a block at the rear of the cutting area, which enables logs to be lifted over obstructions in rough, mountainous terrain where logging tractors cannot be used efficiently.

HOBBING

A gear-machining operation in which teeth are generated by rotating HOB and gear blank against each other with action similar to that of worm gear. See GEAR GENERATING.

HOG MILL

A power-driven machine for cutting scrap wood into fine particles suitable for blowing as fuel into fireboxes or boilers with compressed-air jet.

HOMOGENIZED LEAF

A tobacco wrapper material made from powdered tobacco and other substances that cause ingredients to stick together.

HOOKER MACHINE

A machine that folds cloth by means of blade that guides fabric back and forth across surface of table.

HORN

A device mounted on a unit similar to a sewing machine called an

HYDRO-SPRAYER

A tank with horizontal-in-tank agitator, motor, pumps, and piping system, mounted on truck bed, used to cover areas, such as highway median strips, hillsides, and fields with a mixture of grass seed, fertilizer, and mulch.

IMPULSE PIN

The pin mounted on the balance wheel of a clock or watch that receives impulse from pallet fork.

IN-BEAT

Characteristic of timepiece movement resulting from jewel pin being in line of center on ESCAPE WHEEL, pallet, and balance wheel when hairspring is unstressed. In this condition the strokes of the escape wheel teeth against pallet stones will occur at equal intervals. A timepiece is out of beat when strokes or ticks occur at unequal intervals.

INDEXING

Moving workpiece or toolholding device, such as a turret, to a series of regularly spaced positions to repeat an operation or to perform a series of operations at predetermined intervals.

INPOINT

The point at which editing/copying of a portion of audio, music, video, or graphics onto a videotape begins.

INVOLUTE CHECKER

A device for inspecting involute curves on teeth of gears, splines, etc.

JACQUARD LOOM

Loom equipped with device for weaving figured fabrics. The Jacquard attachment consists of mechanism controlled by perforated cards which cause warp threads to be lifted in proper succession for producing figure.

JIGGER

Small pointed metal instrument, resembling sharpened pencil, used in assembling ribs of expansion metal watch bands.

JUMPBASTING SEWING MACHINE

A basting machine that allows free movement of fabric over the work bed to produce a stitch of variable length and direction. There is no feed mechanism or presser foot. A plunger-like device (needle stripper) encloses the needle and holds the fabric down only long enough for the needle to penetrate and withdraw. Used for basting with a long, loose stitch over large areas to hold plies of fabric together, as in preliminary positioning of coat layers.

JUMP IRON

A heavy iron, supported by movable arm, designed to eject steam through holes in bottom. A pedal is depressed to lower iron and to apply pressure to article being pressed. The iron is pushed back and forth manually.

KAPLAN

A control for water turbines which varies pitch of blades in accordance with load, resulting in high efficiency over large-load range.

LACING

A circular metal strip with serrated edges used in manufacture of buffing wheels to secure buffing material to center of wheel. The serrated edges are bent outward to form groove in which material is inserted.

LAP I

A tool, usually of softer material than workpiece and of complementary shape, which is charged with LAPPING COMPOUND. See LAPPING.

LAP II

A roll of loosely matted cotton fiber.

LAP III

A horizontal wheel or disk made of cast iron, used to fine-grind flat surfaces on diamonds or other stones.

LAPPING

Smoothing, finishing, or achieving an extremely close tolerance (e.g., 0.000002 inch in gauge block manufacture) on metal surface by means of a LAP I that is charged with LAPPING COMPOUND and rubbed against workpiece in rotary and reciprocating motion, either by hand or machine. Matching workpieces may be lapped against each other to assure a close fit. Sometimes used loosely to denote fine grinding or honing.

LAPPING COMPOUND

A fine abrasive material, usually mixed with oil, water, or some other vehicle in the form of paste, which becomes embedded or charged in the LAP. See LAPPING.

LAP-UPS

A term used in textile industry denoting material (lap, thread, fibers, etc.) which becomes entangled in or wound about machinery.

LASTING

The operation of tacking a shoe upper and insole to a last or of turning down and sticking together the upper and sole of rubber footwear by hand or machine.

LASTING TOOL

A combination handtool usually composed of hammerhead, pincers, and tack puller used in construction of shoes. Also known as lasting pincers or shoemaker's pliers.

LAYBOY

An automatic mechanism that receives, stacks, and jogs sheets of paper into piles. It may be attached to machines, such as cutters, printing presses, or ruling machines. Generally equipped with counting and tabbing devices.

LAYOUT MACHINE

Modified vernier height gauge, having a scriber on the end of an extending arm, which when positioned next to workpiece, scribes exact locations of reference points and lines.

LEACH TANK

A tank containing hot water into which uncured balloons are dipped to remove bitter taste of coagulant.

LEAD WIRES

Soft metal wires used to take impressions between two adjoining parts to determine clearances measured by micrometers.

LEASE STRING

Strings inserted between the threads of a warp to hold the threads in the same relative position for drawing-in or tying to old warp.

LETOFF RACK

A rack that operates with braking action permitting machine to pull material from a roll.

LIGHT TABLE

A table or bench having translucent top over a light source. It is used in examining objects where it is desired that no shadow will be cast.

LITE

Flat glass cut to specified size from continuous sheet of glass.

LOADING BOX

A receptacle, usually part of or rigidly attached to a lever, into which molten metal or equivalent may be poured to aid in balancing scale under a zero load.

LOOM BEAM

A large wood or metal cylinder on which are wound the warp threads for a loom.

LOOPING LINE

A line of stitches knitted into both sides of the open toe of seamless hose as a guide along which the looper must set the stitches to produce a straight looped toe.

LOOPING MACHINE

A machine that knits two parts of knitted garment or stocking together.

LUMBER SCALE

A ruler equipped with a calibrated scale used to measure the width of rough-sawed lumber of known thickness and length and to convert the measurement into board feet.

LUMITE

A liquid which hardens when dry to give rigidity to back of shoe.

LUMPIA

A bakery product wrapped around a filling to form lumpias (ethnic dish from the Philippines).

MASK MIRROR

A glass plate, with silvered images of facial features imprinted, used to block out portions of a photograph in preparing a montage.

MASTER STRAIGHTEDGE

A straight slender bar made of rigid material, which is placed across wide points of contact to hold the level on a structure to be leveled.

MATHEMATICAL MODEL

The general characterization of a process, object, or concept, in terms of mathematics, which enables the relatively simple manipulation of variables to be accomplished in order to determine how the process, object, or concept would behave in different situations.

MEASURING WIRES

Accurately made short wires of standard diameters, for use in precision measuring of gear or thread dimensions.

MECHANICAL PRINT

An engineering drawing that is the actual pictorial presentation of a product, part, or machine, showing dimensions, type of material, wiring, and other details.

MEGGER

An instrument used to measure insulation resistance or electrical resistance of electrical equipment, such as power line poles.

MILL

A small, soft-steel cylinder upon surface of which a design in relief is made by rolling in contact with die.

MINERAL WOOL BLANKET

A continuous ribbon of mineral wool fibers, 2 to 4 inches thick and up to 10 feet wide, that is cut into insulation batts and felts.

MOLDING BOARD

A board on which the patterns and drag are placed when making the drag part of a mold. Also known as FOLLOW BOARD.

MOLD-PRINTING BOARD

The board on which molds are fixed in rows and which, when placed upside down over a tray of leveled starch leaves indentations into which fluid candy is introduced.

MONOTUBE

A hollow stainless-steel tube, into which enriched uranium fuel elements are loaded.

MORTAR GUIDE

A metal band that fits the edge of a stone and has a projecting side the thickness of a joint.

MOSS

A form cadmium metal takes when the molten metal drops into cold water. This bubblelike form of solidified metal enhances dissolution.

MOTHER

Nickel positive electroplate made by electrodeposition on master electroplate. Required in making stamper, which presses positive of recording into phonograph records.

MULLING

The process of heating tobacco to ferment and sweat out bitter gums, ammonia compounds, and impurities which impair flavor and color of tobacco leaves.

NARROWING

The process of contracting size of knit articles, especially a stocking, by taking two stitches in one.

NECK RING

A cast iron ring which is used in conjunction with mold to form neck of bottle.

NECKTIE-CENTRALIZING SEWING MACHINE

A machine that sews the lengthwise seam on a necktie. Two types of machines are in use: One is equipped with a hook in front of the needle and another under the bed of the machine to assist in forming an unusually stretchable single-thread stitch. The other is equipped with a feed track resembling a tractor tread in appearance, that pulls fabric edges up and down over a stationary, 55-inch, horizontal needle to simulate handstitching.

NEEDLE JACKS

Small metal pieces, fitted into grooves in needlebed of knitting machine, that transmit reciprocating motion to needles.

OPTICAL SCANNER

A device that automatically samples or verifies a number of measuring points and indicates those that have drifted from their desired values.

ORDERING MACHINE

A machine in which tobacco is brought to desired moisture content by application of water or steam spray in cylindrical device or compartment through which conveyor belt passes.

OUTFLOW QUENCH STICK

A device on spinning machine that quenches (cools) formed synthetic filaments upon ejection from spinnerette.

OUTPOINT

The point at which editing/copying of a portion of audio, music, video, or graphics onto a videotape stops.

OVERCOIL HAIRSPRING; OVERCOILING

Hairspring of a watch with its outer coil raised above plane of spring and then bent so as to terminate in a curve that is concentric with remaining coils. Purpose is to provide for concentric winding and unwinding of spring thereby eliminating side thrust against bearings. Overcoiling is the act of bending outer coil.

OVERLOCK SEWING MACHINE

A machine that sews an overedge stitch, looping over fabric edges to prevent edge fraying or to seam two or more plies.

PACK

An assembly containing a spinnerette, filter screen, gaskets, and sand through which polymer is passed to filter out impurities and form filaments by forcing polymer through spinnerette.

PACKAGE DYEING MACHINE

A dyeing machine resembling large pressure cooker. The yarn to be dyed is wound on perforated beams or tubes so that dye solution can be circulated through package.

PANTOGRAPH MECHANISM

An attachment used with conventional metal cutting machines, which allows for two (or three) dimensional duplication of a template. The exact or scalar movements of the tracer spindle over the template is transmitted to the cutter spindle which cuts the template pattern from a blank.

PAPER TAPE

A strip of paper capable of storing or recording information. Storage may be in the form of punched holes, partially punched holes, carbonization or chemical change of impregnated material, or by imprinting. Some PAPER TAPES, such as punched PAPER TAPES, are capable of being read by the input device of a computer or a transmitting device by sensing the pattern of holes which represent coded information.

PENCIL EDGE

The round or convex surface edge of glass or mirror after edges have been ground. To apply such edge by grinding.

PICAROON

A short-handled device with a pointed metal end used to move and align logs and lumber inside a sawmill or in confined areas.

PICK

One thread of filling either before weaving or in cloth. Number of picks per inch of warp is measure of fineness of fabric.

PICOT BAR

A bar on knitting machine that holds slender metal rods (picot points) used to knit a row of large, wide stitches (picot stripe) after welt is knitted.

PIECE UP

The joining or union of two or more ends of sliver, slubbing, roving, or yarn by twisting or intermingling fiber ends with fingers.

PILE WIRES

Strips of metal that are inserted into shed of looms to form pile fabrics, such as carpeting.

PILLAR PLATE

Base plate which determines size and shape of clock or watch movement. It is recessed and drilled to form foundation for assembly of various parts and pivots which comprise movement.

PINCH CLEAT

A metal cleat that fits around ends of steel bailing straps. When pinched by strapping tool cleat secures ends and keeps strap taut on bale.

PIN JACK

A cast iron pedestal, usually fastened to shoemaker's bench, on which shoe last is placed during processing operations.

PITCHED WORT

Wort (unfermented beer) with added yeast to promote fermentation.

PITCH FINGER

A metal rod mounted over journal of mill that is used to pitch design on mill in register with other portions of design during engraving process.

PIVOT

That element of conventional scale lever designed to transmit external forces through its knife edge.

PLANER GAUGE

A work aid consisting of two right-triangle ground metal blocks fastened together to enable user to adjust their outer parallel surfaces to any dimension within a given range by sliding one block on the other.

PLANETARY ACTION

A double mechanical motion in which a tool is rotated on a center, while that center is revolved in another circle at the same time.

PLATE PRESS

A filter press that removes water from gluten.

PLUG

Rubber block marked to indicate hat size.

POACHING

Process of removing acid and impurities from nitrocotton prior to processing into explosives.

POISE; POISING

Equal distribution of mass of timepiece balance wheel around axis of rotation that neutralizes effect of gravity. POISING is accomplished by removing or adding weight to balance wheel to create equal distribution of mass around axis.

POLYSOMNOGRAPH

Equipment that measures and records physiologic patterns of sleep.

POWER PRESS

A machine, used in conjunction with dies, for forming, molding, cutting, and shaping of materials under great pressure.

PREFORM RUBBER

Uncured rubber that is precut to provide specific amount of rubber necessary to fill each mold cavity.

PREROLL

The time (usually in seconds) it takes a videotape to get up to speed, i.e., the lapse time between pressing the play button and when the picture appears on the monitor for the viewing audience to see.

PRIMACORD

A flexible woven cord with an explosive core which detonates at an extremely fast velocity of over 20,000 feet per second.

PRINTING ROLLER

See PRINTING SHELL.

PRINTING SHELL

A large, engraved copper roller used to print designs in color on cloth when mounted in printing machine.

PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLER

A device which, after being programmed by means of its keyboard and display screen, starts, stops, and coordinates one or more pieces of automated machinery.

PROGRESSIVE DIE

An integrated stamping die made up of several die units or stations through which workpiece is indexed one station at a time for a series of operations. Usually, a continuous strip of sheet metal is fed into press and completely formed workpiece is ejected from other end with each action of press.

PROJECTION (SHADOW) COMPARATOR MACHINE

Floor-mounted machine that employs intense light to project shadow of machined workpiece onto master drawing which is laid on a lighted table screen. The shadow is aligned with the master drawing to determine conformance of workpiece to specifications.

PRONGS

Scissors-like tool with three tines, one on one handle and two on other, used for gripping and twisting.

PROVER

A device for passing measured amount of gas or compressed air under constant pressure through gas meters to test accuracy of meters.

PULL-TEST MACHINE

A testing device in which pounds of pull, necessary to pull bullet out of cartridge case, are measured.

PULSATION RECORDER

An instrument equipped with a revolving drum and a pressure-sensitive pen which marks the duration and intensity of vacuum-cycle wave forms when its probe is inserted into a vacuum line. It is used to test the operation of automatic milking systems.

PUTTING-IN-BEAT

See IN-BEAT.

RACK

The standard unit of measure for lace. It is the amount of lace woven by 1,920 single motions of loom.

RADIAL DRILL PRESS

A machine tool used primarily for metal drilling, which consists of central column and horizontal radial arm to which a vertical drilling spindle is attached.

RANGE

An arrangement of machines used to perform a number of yarn- or cloth-processing operations continuously by feeding material to each unit in succession automatically and without interruption.

RAPPING

The process of removing ore dust that has accumulated on wires in the stack treater to recover the ore.

RECLAIM

Rubber material recovered from scrap rubber goods by chemical treatment.

REED HOOK

A flat metal tool, similar to crochet hook, used for drawing individual strands of yarn through reed of loom.

REEDING

Nylon monofilament or copper wire used to reinforce and shape sweatbands and brims on hats and caps.

REEF NET

A bag-like net anchored to boats or the shore to simulate a V-shaped reef in a channel.

REFLECTANCE METER

A small, bench-mounted device used to compare the whiteness of bleached paper pulp to a standard white color.

REGAUGING

Process of verifying alcoholic content of recently distilled liquor to determine quantity of diluent necessary to be added to liquor to obtain specified alcoholic content.

REGISTER WHEEL

A large indexed wheel on pantograph or engraving machine. A gross setting on larger register wheel results in precise placement of design on smaller printing roller.

RELIEVING

A machining process in which a FORM TOOL is used to cut teeth for cutting tools to specified contour.

REMELT

Pieces of crystal ingot not meeting specifications used as material to grow new ingot.

RETICLE

A photo plate on which an enlarged copy of a semiconductor circuit layer pattern is reproduced and used in the production of photo masks.

ROBOT CONTROLLER

A computerized device that provides the signals that direct the motions of the robot, so that it is both positioned and oriented correctly in space over time.

ROD TRANSFER DEVICE

A metal box-shaped device approximately eight inches tall, three inches wide, and three inches deep that is open on one side with a rectangular slot on the end. There is a swivel eye on the other end of the device where a rod hoist cable is attached. The rectangular opening at the lower end of the device is fitted on the square neck of the rod to support rod sections as they are being transferred to and from holding slots and lifting clamp.

ROLLING TABLE

A heated press, the upper platen of which lowers and pivots on a shaft, to compress and roll resin impregnated fabrics onto mandrel.

ROLL PICKER

A pneumatic tool which removes lint and trash from spinning and roving frames by winding it on rapidly rotating spindle.

ROPE FORM

The form in which cloth is gathered or bunched into longitudinal folds by being drawn through a ring or series of rings. Some processing is more easily accomplished with cloth in this form.

ROTARY LATHE

A machine for cutting thin sheets of veneer from logs. The log is supported and rotated on horizontal axis as heavy steel knife is fed against its surface to slice thin sheet of wood from circumference.

ROUNDING JACK

A handtool for trimming hat brims. One end of tool is fitted with sharp blade and the other end is shaped to rest on crown of hat. The tool is drawn around hat brim, using crown as guide, to cut off excess material.

SCRATCHING TOOL

A four-pronged, long-handled tool similar to a pitch fork and used to pull up loops and uncut ends of rug pile.

SCREEN TINTS

Film used to produce shade of color or black.

SEAM

A finished edge on flat glass or mirrors on which the sharp corners are removed by an abrasive belt to form a semirounded edge.

SEARCHER

A notched metal strip, tooled to 0.0005 inch thickness, used to remove small particles of threads from brass bobbins.

SET POINT

A point in space, expressed in three dimensional coordinates, at which tip of cutting tool of automatic machine is set before the start of machining operations.

SHADOW LINES

Lines on power ripsaw machine table cast by wire hung between light source and table. Used as guides by saw operators in aligning boards before sawing.

SHERIFF'S SALE

A public sale of properties lawfully seized by the county as directed by a civil court order; money received reverts to county treasury.

SHOOT WIRE

Wires running short way of cloth or screen as woven.

SHORT-CYCLE SEWING MACHINE

A semiautomatic machine that sews a limited number of stitches to tack layers of fabric, attach buttons, or make buttonholes.

SHOT PAN

A pan, resembling frying pan, with equidistantly spaced holes in bottom through which molten lead is dropped to form shot pellets. Pans are numbered according to size of holes.

SHUTTLE BINDER

A wood or iron lever located at front or back of, and projecting slightly into, the shuttle box. Its purpose is to check force of shuttle as it enters the box.

SIEVE CLOTH

The fabric belts on printing machine which absorb color solutions from color trays and convey it to rollers that print designs on wallpaper.

SIGHTING RIB

Raised metal rib along entire outside length of shotgun barrel which is matted (knurled) to provide a glare-proof sighting surface.

SINKER

An elevator platform that submerges felt hat cones in tub of hot water to strengthen cohesion of fur fibers.

SKIRTLIKE UPPER

The sewn-together vamp, quarters, and counter of nonrubber upper of an article of footwear before rubber, composition, or cork sole is put on. The bottom edges of upper are cemented all around, like the hem of a skirt, for bonding with sole.

SLUBBER

The first fly frame for drawing and twisting slivers to form roving.

SPACE GAUGE

A rectangular metal piece with parallel rows of fine grooves extending across its face, used as a guide for spacing needles in the needle bar of a knitting machine.

SPINNING BOX

A device used in rayon manufacturing for piling thread into ring-shaped CAKES. The thread is drawn into spinning box through glass funnel and wound by centrifugal force.

SPOIL PILES

Earth and rock removed from coal, ore, or rock deposit in strip mine, open pit, or quarry.

SPONGE

A powder form of cadmium with a high zinc content.

SPOT-FACING

A machining process in which the area around a hole is milled to smooth, flat surface by application of a rotating tool with cutting edges on its end or face.

SPREADER PAN

A pan, resembling a frying pan, with holes around the side which sets on legs in the SHOT PAN and spreads lead evenly around shot pan.

SPRUNG OIL

Oil that has been allowed to separate from water and rise to the surface by means of gravity.

SPUR CHUCK

A stubby, pronged fork attached to driving spindle of lathe to assist in mounting and centering workpieces.

SPUTTERING

Bombarding metal surface with positive ions to form fine-grained coating on surface.

SQUEEGEE

A strip of uncured rubber, approximately tread-width, which is applied to BAND stock to reduce friction and promote adhesion between plies of completed tire.

STABILITY GAUGE

An instrument equipped with needle gauge used to indicate variation in or inadequacy of vacuum in automatic milking systems.

STANDARD SIZE SYSTEM

A system decreed by Edward II in 1324 that established a variation of one-sixth of an inch in length between half sizes and one-third of an inch in length between whole sizes of shoes.

STEAM LANCE

A long pipe attached to a steam source, through which steam under pressure is blown into boiler tubes to remove soot and sludge.

STENO-MASK

An enclosed microphone, used to record speech on tape, which renders the spoken word inaudible to other persons in the room.

STIPPLING TOOL

A small block of metal, the under surface of which is covered with small projections. It is used to make multiple indentations in wood by striking top of tool with hammer or mallet.

STIRRUP

A shackle which transmits to a connection load from only one lever.

STITCH-BONDING

A process whereby barbed needles are used to bond or entangle web fibers to produce a nonwoven fabric.

STITCHING WHEEL

A wheel mounted in the bed of an ULTRASONIC SEAMING MACHINE. STITCHING WHEEL has raised pattern that simulates sewing machine stitches. Wheels are changed to produce various decorative effects.

STRAPPING TOOL

A hand-operated device that pulls taut strip-steel straps wrapped around a bale and secures ends by pinching a cleat placed around overlapping ends of strap.

SURVEYOR

A precision instrument used to make a pencil mark around a tooth indicating its greatest circumference in any one position relative to the vertical.

SWING-FOLDING ATTACHMENT

A device, usually attached to the rear of a processing machine, to fold cloth coming from the machine. It consists of a pair of thin parallel rollers mounted between two arms that swing like a pendulum, laying cloth in loose folds.

SWING WEIGHT

The swing weight of a golf club is a measure of the leverage of the club, from beyond a fixed point, applied against the end of the handle. It is the weight felt by the golfer when he swings the club.

TAKEUP ROLL

A roller, operating continuously or intermittently, that winds long lengths of material after it has passed through a machine.

TARGET BLOCK

A tungsten block, having the same thickness as a workpiece to be welded by electron-beam system, used to substitute for workpiece during system setup.

TEACH PENDANT

A hand held control box connected to the robot by an electrical cable used to actuate, for programming and re-programming purposes, the motions of the robot performing its prescribed task.

TELESCOPING GAUGE

A precision measuring instrument the end of which can be positioned inside hole or opening and expanded to touch walls; interior dimension can then either be read on calibrations of gauge or measured with micrometer.

TELETICKETER

An electrical device that transmits and prints transportation-routing information on passenger tickets.

TEMPERATURE POTENTIOMETER

A device to take temperature readings at any given point via transmission through thermocouples to reading device. It is equipped with a dial to select the thermocouple (point) from which to take a reading.

TENSION GUIDE

A device used as a guide to provide specified tension during winding, coning, sizing, and warping. This device contains fingers, disks, or washers that apply tension.

TENTER FRAME

A machine that dries and stretches cloth to its original width and straightens its weave after a finishing process.

THATCHER

A machine (similar to a rotary-type lawn mower with wire claws, rather than blades, on the rotating bar) used to claw and lift thatch from lawn.

THRUST END ASSEMBLY

The forward end of a turbine at which steam enters.

TIDAL PEN

Large rectangular ponds constructed on an island located in a natural shrimp growing area with screened gates at the ends to allow pens to be flushed by tidal flow. Gates can be raised for impoundment of shrimp larvae and shrimp spawners.

TIMER DRUM

A metal drum containing a series of paralleled slots extending around its circumference to hold timing buttons that trip solenoid switches, as drum revolves, to control operation of bottlemaking machine.

TOE BOARD

The portion of a board on which toe of stocking is shaped.

TRACER POINT

A metal rod placed in the chuck of the master spindle of a wood-carving machine, used to follow around the contour of a carving pattern.

TRANSFER BAR

A rectangular metal bar used to transfer knitted garment parts from one full-fashioned knitting machine onto the needle bar of another.

TRANSFER POINT

The needlelike projections on a TRANSFER BAR or transfer ring over which stitches of knitted material are hung when the material is transferred from one machine to another.

TRIBOX

Glass enclosed container housing a thermometer and a hydrometer through which distilled liquor flows, allowing the temperature and specific gravity proof of liquor to be measured.

TRIP BUTTONS

Small bolts locked in slots on TIMER DRUMS to trip solenoid switches that start and stop functions of bottlemaking machines.

TRUING I

The shaping of grinding wheel for purpose of producing consistent flatness or contour on the ground workpiece. Usually accomplished by application of diamond, abrasive, or hard-metal tool.

TRUING II

Technique used for correcting errors in timepiece balance wheels and hairsprings. Balance wheel truing is accomplished by bending the wheel rim until it lies in a single plane and is concentric with and perpendicular to the staff axis. Hairspring errors are either in the round (coils are not perfectly concentric with collet) or in the flat (coils are not in same plane as collet). Hairsprings are trued by bending coil to correct faulty colleting.

TUBE

The portion of a paper bag without a bottom.

TUNNEL HEADING

That part of a tunnel where digging operations are performed.

TURNER TUBES

A device used in turning gloves, with corresponding rods that push the finger tips of the glove into the tube, partially turning it. Turning is completed manually by worker or automatically on machine.

TYPING ELEMENT

Ball-shaped component of electric typewriters that contains raised characters, such as alpha and numeric characters and special symbols.

ULTRASONIC HORN

A resonant bar or metal section which transfers energy from converter to workpiece.

ULTRASONIC SEAMING MACHINE

A machine that uses high-frequency sound waves to fuse layers of thermoplastic material simulating a stitchline. The machine resembles a sewing machine in appearance and operation but uses no thread and has a HORN and STITCHING WHEEL for impressing a stitch pattern. The stitching wheel can be changed to produce various decorative effects.

VENEER BLOCK

A log cut to length for peeling or slicing into veneer.

VIBRATING

Process of determining that length of timepiece hairspring will cause balance wheel to vibrate a fixed number of times per hour. Factors considered are length, width, thickness, and strength of hairspring.

WARP WIRE

Wires running the long way of the cloth or screen as woven.

WEBBING STRETCHER

A handtool used to stretch webbing across furniture seat frames.

WELD CONTROLLER

A programmable device which controls the amperage, pressure, and dwell (time) of welding guns attached to automatic machinery.

WELT BAR

A bar of a knitting machine containing a row of small steel hooks (welt points) that hold the first loops or stitch of fabric until the welt is knitted.

WELT ROD

A small metal rod used to facilitate turning of welt on full-fashioned stockings and to wind hose on takeup roller.

WHIRLING MACHINE

Machine that distributes photosensitive solution over surface of photographic printing plates by means of a rotating or whirling action.

WHITING COMPOUND

A mixture of powdered chalk and liquid glue used to form wood sealer or priming base for further application of paint.

WICK

Strands of asbestos twisted together and used for making asbestos rope, packing for steam valves, and as a seal for oven or furnace doors.

WINDUP RACK

A rack that has a continuous drive action which winds long lengths of material into a roll after material has passed through a machine.

YARN CARRIER

In flat knitting, the sliding frame above the needlebeds that hold the cams and yarn guides and carries them to and fro.

ZIGZAG SEWING MACHINE

A machine that sews with an oscillating needle. The pattern of the stitches can be varied by changing cams. Used where a decorative, stretchable stitch is needed.

FOOTNOTE:

1 Editor's note: In this Web version of the DOT, definitions are not italicized in the occupational definition.