To promote a more integrated system of federal, state, local, and tribal services for disconnected youth, Congress authorized the Performance Partnership Pilots (P3) for Disconnected Youth initiative under the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2014. The Act allowed up to ten grantee organizations and their partners, together called "pilots", to waive regulations, such as spending and performance requirements, and gain coordinated access to the discretionary funds of several federal agencies.

This report assesses the 14 pilots' implementation of the Federal vision for P3. It updates and expands the findings from two prior implementation study papers that examined the experiences of the first cohort of pilots. The main data sources were site visits to the pilots, including two rounds of visits to Cohort 1 pilots in 2017 and 2018 and one round to Cohort 2/3 pilots in 2019.

This paper found that pilots took a variety of approaches, which commonly included new or enhanced services, to try to improve youth outcomes. To implement these approaches, all pilots formed partnerships across local youth-serving agencies, and three focused on broader systems change efforts such as shared governance or data systems. All pilots combined funds from Federal discretionary programs and other sources, and most used approved waivers from discretionary program requirements to serve a broader population of youth.

The report offers the following lessons learned:

• Considerable technical assistance and planning time could support efforts to capitalize on allowed flexibilities and prepare for systems changes.
• Additional emphasis from funders on systems change could encourage these efforts in support of local communities.